The CZ 52^[1] (also known by the Czechoslovak military designations vz. 52,^[2] for (vz. - vzor = model) 'model of 1952', and CZ 482) is a semi-automatic pistol designed by two brothers, Jan and Jaroslav Kratochvíl, in the early 1950s for the Czechoslovak military.^[3] Around 200,000 vz. 52s were made by Česká Zbrojovka in Strakonice from 1952 to 1954.^[3] Before standardizing on the 7.62×25mm vz. 52, the Czechoslovak military used several domestic and foreign pistol models in three different calibers. After 30 years of military service, the vz. 52 was eventually replaced by the 9×18mm Makarov caliber vz. 82.

The CZ 52 is technically known as the vz. 52 as its Czech military designation, but is often referred to as the CZ 52 to differentiate it from the vz. 52 rifle which entered the export market before the pistol.

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Description[edit]

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The CZ 52 pistol is a roller-lockedshort recoil–operated, detachable box magazine–fed, single-action, semi-automatic pistol chambered for the 7.62×25mm Tokarev cartridge (the gun was originally designed for 9×19mm Parabellumcaliber but due to political pressures had to be redesigned for the then-standard Soviet pistol cartridge). It weighs approximately two pounds unloaded. Military models feature either a parkerized finish or a gray oxide coating, while some CZ 52s were arsenal reblued in the 1970s. These re-finished guns are usually marked as such.^[4]

Ergonomically, the grip of the CZ 52 is long when measured from front to rear and slim from side to side with a low 'hump' which meets the web of the hand at the rear. This causes the bore axis to sit high above the grip, resulting in a very strongly felt recoil.

Operation[edit]

The CZ 52's operating controls consist of a single-action trigger, an external hammer, a magazine catch located at the heel of the grip frame, and a combination de-cock/safety lever located on the left rear side of the receiver aft of the left grip panel. The manual safety blocks movement of the sear, which prevents the hammer from releasing and firing a round. A second safety, in the form of a spring-loaded firing pin block, prevents the pistol from firing unless the trigger is pulled fully to the rear; this feature renders the pistol 'drop safe'. However, if the firing pin block spring has become worn, the pistol may be rendered unsafe in the event of a muzzle down drop, or in the case of other internals being worn, it may be drop safe only when 'cocked and locked', for instance. Care should be taken when handling firearms of uncertain origin, and only a competent gunsmith should be relied upon to verify the safety mechanisms of surplus guns are intact. Because the sear must overcome the additional spring pressure of the firing pin block, an inherent feature of the CZ 52 is its unusually heavy trigger pull, often in the 8–10 pound range. The hammer is of the rebounding type, meaning that it does not contact the firing pin while in its uncocked position, and cannot do so unless the trigger is pulled, another safety feature.^[5] Using the decocker relies on the integrity of firing pin block; if the firing pin block is worn, an unintentional discharge can result when the decocker is engaged. Because of this, the decocker is considered to be unreliable and its usage is not recommended.

After a full magazine is inserted, the slide is fully retracted and released. This action cocks the hammer, strips a cartridge from the magazine, and chambers it. Rotating the three-position safety lever fully downward, exposing a red warning dot between the receiver and the hammer pivot pin, renders the pistol ready to fire. Rotating the lever upward to its center position covers the red dot and engages the sear block (allowing 'cocked and locked' carry). Finally, rotating the safety lever fully upward decocks the hammer by releasing the sear and intercepting the hammer's forward movement. This position allows safe carry of the pistol with a round in the chamber. The hammer must then be cocked manually and the safety disengaged before a round can be fired. As the trigger is pulled in this state, the trigger bar rotates the sear, a lug on the sear disengages the firing pin safety located directly above it, and the opposite side of the sear releases the hammer. The hammer then impacts the firing pin, the firing pin impacts the primer of the cartridge, and the shot is fired.^[5]

The CZ 52 utilizes a fairly uncommon variety of the short recoil operating system in which two vertical rollers are used to lock the barrel and slide together, via a cam block.^[4] This is similar to the system used in the German MG 42general-purpose machine gun. This arrangement results in a strong lockup which, conventional wisdom holds, allows the loading of higher pressure ammunition (such as ammunition intended for use in a submachine gun) with higher velocity and energy than compatible ammunition manufactured for pistols of a similar caliber in other Warsaw Pact countries.^[5] In practice, however, the rollers were generally poorly heat treated resulting in them deforming and grinding against the inside of the slide and frame; an issue that can cause both to crack if not addressed. The firing pin and extractor have similar problems with heat treatment; it is recommended to replace them with aftermarket parts.

When cocked, loaded, and closed; the recoil spring, positioned coaxially around the barrel, provides the pressure necessary to lock the barrel and slide together via the rollers. When a round is discharged, the barrel and slide recoil together while the cam block is held stationary by a lug in the receiver. After traveling rearward a short distance (about 0.16' or 4 mm), the rollers are allowed to disengage from the slide via recesses in the cam block. At this point, the slide is free to continue rearward, cocking the hammer, extracting the spent case from the barrel's chamber, and ejecting it clear of the pistol. After reaching the end of its stroke, the slide is returned to cocked and loaded by the compressed recoil spring, again collecting a fresh cartridge from the magazine and inserting it into the chamber.^[5]

When the magazine is empty its follower presses against an externally mounted slide catch and holds the slide open. The slide catch can be manually engaged by pressing up on the exposed bar.^[6] The magazine catch is located at the heel of the pistol grip. It is pulled toward the backstrap to release the magazine from the well. A potential problem arises in that there is now minimal pressure on the magazine spring and the magazine catch is under constant pressure from the mainspring, forcing it into contact with the rear of the magazine. This means that magazines do not drop free and occasionally take a few seconds to remove from the pistol. Releasing the slide catch is done by removing the empty magazine (or inserting a loaded one), then retracting the slide and releasing it. There is no thumb-operated lever to release the slide (although an aftermarket slide release lever is available).^[7]

Ammunition[edit]

By the late 1990s, after the popularity of the surplus CZ 52 had started to increase, hollow-point ammunition in 7.62×25mm became available from custom shops. The pistol proved capable of handling extremely 'hot' loadings, and many shops sell custom or hand-loaded ammunition.

Cz 52 9mm Barrel For Sale

Replacement barrels were available to change the caliber to 9×19mm Parabellum.^[3] Doing so provides a much wider range of ammunition choices, at the cost of a significant drop in power.^[7]

Users[edit]

Former users

• Algeria^[8]
• Czechoslovakia^[9]
• Grenada
• Palestine:Used by Palestine Liberation Organization^[10]
• Tanzania^[11]

References[edit]

1. ^http://www.makarov.com/pdf/cz52d.pdf
2. ^Předpis pro výcvik ve střelbě - 7,62 mm pistole vz. 52, Pěch III-140, Ministerstvo národní obrany, Praha, 1953
3. ^ ^abcMuramatsu, Kevin (18 July 2012). The Gun Digest Book of Automatic Pistols Assembly/Disassembly. Iola, Wisconsin: Gun Digest Books. pp. 216–225. ISBN1-4402-3006-4.
4. ^ ^abCampbell, Robert (2011). The Complete Illustrated Manual of Handgun Skills. Minneapolis: Zenith Press. p. 60. ISBN978-1-61059-745-6.
5. ^ ^abcdSweeney, Patrick (2009). 'The Vz 52'. Gunsmithing - Pistols and Revolvers. Iola, Wisconsin: Gun Digest Books. pp. 232–242. ISBN1-4402-2675-X.
6. ^http://gunblast.com/RKCampbell_CZ52.htm
7. ^ ^abShideler, Dan (28 February 2011). 'Czech It Out!'. Gun Digest Book of Semi-Auto Pistols. Iola, Wisconsin: Gun Digest Books. pp. 80–84. ISBN1-4402-2439-0.
8. ^'World Infantry Weapons: Algeria'. 2015. Archived from the original on 24 November 2016. Retrieved 19 June 2019.
9. ^http://www.army.cz/assets/files/9334/zbrane_definit.pdf
10. ^'The New'. lebanon82.tripod.com. Retrieved 17 April 2020.^{[better source needed]}
11. ^https://sites.google.com/site/worldinventory/https-sites-google-com-site-worldinventory-wiw_af_tanzania

External links[edit]

CZ52.com - The CZ-52Pistol

Makarov owners are often value-minded individuals who share an interest in Soviet Bloc firearms. Another great value in surplus East Bloc pistols is the Czech CZ-52.

Introduction

Brought into service in 1952, the correct name for these large-framed pistols is Ceskoslovenska Zborjovka Vzor 52. Note that there is also a CZ-52 rifle, and the two should not be confused.

Cartridge

The pistol was originally chambered in the 7.62x25 or 7.62 Tokarev bottle-necked cartridge. While this cartridge shares the physical dimensions of the Tokarev cartridge, it can be loaded hotter than the standard 7.62 Tokarev (see text on roller lock below). As such, care should be taken when selecting ammunition to match the pistol.

Several East Bloc submachine guns, including the PPSh-41 are chambered in 7.62x25. These fire a yet more potent version of this caliber. Again, care should be taken to avoid firing these subgun rounds in both the Tokarev and CZ-52.

The CZ-52 pistol can be converted to fire 9x19 simply by changing the barrel. Some pistols have been retrofitted from the factory with a 9mm barrel, and aftermarket barrels are available. There are some feeding and extraction issues related to this, which are discussed below. From a safety standpoint, be sure that you are firing the correct ammunition from the correct barrel.

Cartridge Pictures:

Technical Overview

The C-52 is single-action only, meaning that the hammer must be cocked before firing the first round. As with other auto-loading pistols, the recoil forces the slide rearward. This ejects the spent case and forces a new cartridge from the magazine into the chamber.

A magazine follower tab locks the slide open after the last shot has been fired. While not as handy as the Makarov's slide release, the slide may also manually be locked back with the external slide lock bar.

The magazine holds 8 rounds. The safety is located on the rear of the frame. Similar to the Makarov, down is fire, up is safe. The safety also acts as a decocker when pushed up beyond the 'safe' position. The pistol can be carried 'cocked and locked.' See notes below on the safety issues regarding the decocker!

The slide may be moved while the pistol is on safe, allowing the user to eject a round the chamber. Similarly, the pistol can be made ready to fire by racking the slide, thus inserting and round into the chamber, with the safety on 'safe.'

Roller Locking Action

Unlike the Makarov, the CZ-52 does not use a straight blowback mechanism. Because of the high power of the cartridge, the CZ-52 has a rather complicated, but strong, roller-locking mechanism. The roller lock is composed of the barrel, two rollers, and a locking cam. When at rest, the pressure of the recoil spring compresses the cam which forces the rollers outwards towards the slide.

During firing, the rearward motion releases the cam and the continued pressure will eventually push the rollers out of the detent and allow the slide to travel relative to the barrel. Therefore, the strength of the recoil spring determines when the the slide begins to move backwards.

A version of this locking mechanism is found in some modern Heckler & Koch firearms.

Curio and Relic Status

The CZ-52 is considered a curio & relic by the BATF and is on the BATF's C&R list for collectors with C&R Federal Firearms License. Note that only the original caliber of 7.62x25 and not the 9mm conversions are considered C&R. Converting your 7.62x25 to 9mm is a gray area as far as its C&R status. However, there's nothing illegal about the conversion.

Pictures/More Information

Check out the CZ-52 owner's manual PDF file (Adobe Acrobat Reader required [free on Adobe's site]) courtesy of Timothy Hoeflich.

Click on links to see pictures or bigger version of the thumbnails.

• The rec.guns FAQ has info on the CZ-52.

Problems

• Firing Pin

  
  - The firing pin of the CZ-52 is a weak steel, which makes them relatively brittle. Dry firing the pistol, that is firing without a cartridge or 'snap cap,' is not recommended. Here's a picture of a busted firing pin.
  

  Picture of broken CZ-52 firing pin courtesy of J. Vickers

  If your pistol does not appear to fire at all, remove the firing pin and check to see that it is still intact.

  To remove the firing pin:

  • Remove magazine from the pistol, and remove any rounds from the chamber.
  • Remove the slide from the frame - pull down on the slide release tabs (see exploded view below) and the slide will release forward.
  • Set aside frame.
  • Optional: Remove barrel from slide.
    • You will need to compress the recoil spring by pushing on the barrel assembly at the cam.
    • Use a screwdriver or barrel removal tool to rest in the cam notch and push towards the muzzle end of the slide.
    • Once the rollers have been compressed, lift the breech end of the barrel out of the slide and gently let the recoil spring push it out backwards. Take care not to launch the barrel across the room!
  • Set aside barrel and recoil spring and hold the slide with the muzzle end up in your weak hand (i.e. left hand for right-handed people).
  • Using a pencil eraser or similar object, press the firing pin plunger gently until the firing pin falls clear of the firing pin channel. If the firing pin channel is full of crud or especially cosmolene, some light taps or prodding from the breech face firing pin hole may be required. Note that the plunger spring will not be compressed fully. You'll have to find the 'sweet spot' where the firing pin drops clear.
  • Take note of the firing pin position when it comes out. It will need to be reinserted in the same radial position.
  • Once the firing pin is out, the firing pin plunger and spring are free to come out of the slide. Take care not to lose them. Again, take note of the plunger position. It will need to go back the same way.
  • Installation is the reverse of disassembly. Again, the plunger spring should only be compressed partially to make the proper opening for the firing pin.

  The firing pin should be inspected for breakage as shown. If the tip is gone, it's useless and you'll need a new one. See the options below for replacing the firing pin with a similar type or an enhanced version.

  The firing pin channel should be inspected for dirt and left-over storage grease (cosmolene). Clean well and only lubricated very lightly to avoid attracting and trapping more dirt that can cause firing pin sticking and possible slam fires (cartridge is fired with out trigger pull by the closing of the slide with a protruding firing pin).

  
  

• Machined firing pins are available. These just drop the same way the original firing pins do. Some folks have reported over 80 dry firings with no problems. These items can be purchased by clicking this link
  

  
  

• Decocker - The CZ-52 safety has 3 'settings': fire (rotated all the way down), safe (horizontal, hammer stays back), and decock (rotate up, returns to 'safe'). We already know that dry firing is no good, so it seems logical to use the decocker to drop the hammer. However, one reader found the following:
  

  I had a negligent discharge at the range today, downrange and in the dirt fortunately, that scared the shit out of me, and need feedback from you. When I inspected the gun, I noticed that the upswing motion of the decocker actually raises the firing pin disengage (same action as having the trigger fully to the rear). I probably have a worn intercept notch, and it has enough 'play' to spank the firing pin hard enough to fire.

  Indeed the decocker raises the firing pin disengage and what stops the hammer from falling appears to be an intercept notch. If this is worn, the firing pin plunger in the slide may or may not stop the firing pin from striking the primer when decocking. Other guns, such as the Makarov have a cam from the safety move directly in the hammer's way. We have yet to rip apart the pistol and determine what causes this. In the mean time please be careful about decocking the pistol with a round in the chamber and do not rely on this mechanism to safely decock the CZ-52!

  Special note for Harrington CZ52-2 and CZ52-3 users: The redesigned firing pin plunger does not stop the firing pin from moving forward. Therefore, if your decocking notch is worn, your pistol will likely fire when decocked. Please check this function before relying on the decocker. In fact, do not rely on the decocker anyway!

  Use the basic laws of firearms safety:
  

  • A gun is always loaded. If it's unloaded, go to the previous sentence.
  • Never point the gun at anything you do not wish to destroy
  • Do not put your finger on the trigger until you are ready to engage the target
  • Know your target and what's beyond

Accessories/Replacement Parts

The original magazines have been difficult to find lately, with most places just selling aftermarket magazines that don't feed right. We found a nice stash of original Czech-made magazines in brand new condition. Check them out:

Ported Muzzle Brakes

This custom-made muzzle brake for the CZ-52 with threaded barrel reduces muzzle flip and hides some of the muzzle plume as well.

Please note: These are intended for 7.62x25 and 9mm threaded barrels only.

9mm Largo Conversion Barrels

The Federal Arms 9mm Parabellum barrels lend themselves to rechambering to the 9x23 Largo round. We worked with ART Enterprises gunsmithing to do just that. We had a limited production run made in stock length, threaded, and ported configurations. THESE ARE NO LONGER AVAILABLE.

Please note: These are intended for the 9x23 Largo round only, not 9x23 Winchester, not .38 Super, nor any other cartridge. Since Makarov.com has not control over parts once they leave our facility, your use is at your own risk and Makarov.com will not be liable for damages or injury resulting from such action.

Federal Arms at one time made a nice array of replacement barrels for the CZ-52 in both the original 7.62x25 caliber and 9x19. One problem that people have reported with these is that the rollers included with these are not hard enough and tend to lose their round. Once they start deteriorating, they slide rather than rolling and they begin to abrade the barrel.

Hardened rollers

Consider that if your Korean rollers begin to lose their round, they start to take the barrel with it, but no longer rolling but sliding. Pretty soon, they'll grind into the metal and the first evidence you're likely to see is pieces of disintegrated roller flaking into the frame. By that time, your barrel is on its way out and you're looking at a new barrel...plus you're back to substandard rollers.

One way to protect your firing pin during dry firing, whether it's the surplus pin or one of the aftermarket pins, is with properly make 'snap caps'. Snap caps, otherwise known as dummy rounds, are non-firing facsimiles of cartridges including a specially-designed 'primer' that allow you to dry fire because it absorbs the impact of the firing pin rather than having the weak shoulders of the CZ-52 firing pin take that shock.

These items can be purchased by clicking this link

CZ-52 Extended Slide Release - Early Extended Style no longer available
This is basically an aftermarket hold-open catch with a small tab to act as a slide release and manual hold-open catch found on Makarovs and many other pistols. Very handy!

These are a brand new design made exclusively for Makarov.com! Drop-in replacement for your hold-open catch to have a real working slide release and manual hold-open catch.

CZ-52 Compact Slide Release
Drop-in replacement for your hold-open catch, but these will not interfere with thicker grips such as the walnut grips.

These items can be purchased by clicking this link

Hogue HandAll Slip-On Grip
While nobody that we're aware of makes a rubber grip set for the CZ-52, Hogue makes a comfortable universal slip-on grip that fits the CZ-52 very well. The HandAll adds a soft rubber feel to reduce perceived recoil, slight palm swells, and finger grooves in the front for a better grip.
Here's are some pictures

Walnut and Exotic Wood Replacement Grip Panels
We found a small shop that makes these gorgeous walnut grip panels specifically for the CZ-52. That means they as simple to install as removing the grip clip, dropping the old grips off, putting the new ones on and replacing the grip clip.
Here are some pictures:

All styles of Exotic Wood grips, are now out of production.

Due to the strength of the pistol, it is possible to purchase and safely use 9x19 aftermarket barrels with 9x19 ammunition. DO NOT fire 9x19 ammunition with a 7.62x25 barrel or vice versa.

- exploded view

The armorer's kit:

Magazine extended floorplatesMJ Facets, the same people who make the extended floorplates for the Makarov, now have the same investment cast brass floorplates for the CZ-52. Enhances the feel of the pistol and makes it easier to pop out the magazine.

Falco Custom Molded Holsters
We have a source for high-quality leather shoulder holsters specifically made for the CZ-52. They are available in horizontal and vertical (shown above) configurations. The horizontal configuration can also be used as a belt holster.

9x19 Federal Barrel Feeding Problems - as quoted from the Federal conversion instruction sheet

Some CZ-52 pistols converted to 9mm NATO will show feeding problems. This is primarily casued by the fact that the 9mm NATO round is shorter in length than the 7.62x25 Tokarev round. There are 2 areas of concern: magazine feed lips and the way the extractor pushes the live round into the chamber.

Surprisingly the extractor is the main cause of feeding problems. The lower 1/2 of the front end of the extractor actually contacts the round, pushing it into the chamber. By smoothing and rounding the angled surface on the lower 1/2 only, the extractor hook will not disrupt the movement of the round as it jumps around the rim of the cartridge being chambered. To remove the extractor, use a small punch to drive the pivot pin through the slide. This will release both the extractor and its spring. When you reinstall the extractor and its pin and spring, check the firing pin to see if there is free movement by pushing on the rear end against the spring pressure.

Examine the feed lips of the magazine. Look for jagged or bent edges. The metal at the lips is heat treated, so you may not be able to bend them back without weakening them. It may be necessary to have a welder add metal to the leading edges of the feed lips. Excess metal would be removed by a Dremel tool.

Among the accessories and replacement parts available for the CZ-52 are barrels, replacement firing pins, sears, locker rollers, and ejectors.

Some samples of accessories available:

Customization

Greg Covington has done some work on his CZ-52:

Here are the pics of the CZ52 that I modified. I have added a white dot Novak low-mount rear sight and a dovetailed green fiber optic front. Also, you may note that I've removed a considerable amt. of metal where the trigger guard meets the frontstrap to make the gun sit lower in the hand. I then stippled the frontstrap. I've rounded all the sharp edges and refinished the grips in grey. The exterior finish on the pistol is black teflon.

Ballistics

Here are some sites with chronograph data:

Reloading

Starline Brass carries 7.62x25 Tokarev brass.

[Main Makarov Page] [Makarov FAQ] [Makarov Links] [Makarov Pictures] [Makarov Reloading Manual]

Cz52 9mm